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Physical Properties

1. Appearance: Colorless, transparent or pale yellow liquid with a fishy odor.

2. Melting Point (°C): -61

3. Boiling Point (°C): 153

4. Relative Density (Water=1): 0.945

5. Relative Vapor Density (Air=1): 2.51

6. Saturated Vapor Pressure (kPa): 0.5 (25°C)

7. Heat of Combustion (kJ/mol): -1921

8. Critical Temperature (°C): 374

9. Critical Pressure (MPa): 4.48

10. Octanol/Water Partition Coefficient: -0.87

11. Flash Point (°C): 58 (0°C)

12. Autoignition Temperature (°C): 445

13. Upper Explosive Limit (%): 15.2

14. Lower Explosive Limit (%): 2.2

15. Solubility: Miscible with water and most organic solvents.

Applications

1. Dimethylformamide is an excellent solvent for many polymers such as polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylonitrile, and polyamide. It can be used in the wet spinning of synthetic fibers such as polyacrylonitrile fibers, the synthesis of polyurethane, and in plastic film production. It can also be used as a paint remover. It can dissolve certain pigments with low solubility, giving them dye-like properties. Dimethylformamide is used for aromatic hydrocarbon extraction and for separating and recovering butadiene from C4 fractions and isoprene from C5 fractions. It is also an effective reagent for separating non-hydrocarbon components from paraffin wax.

2. It exhibits good selectivity in the solubility of isophthalic acid and terephthalic acid: isophthalic acid is more soluble in dimethylformamide than terephthalic acid. Solvent extraction or partial crystallization in dimethylformamide can separate the two. In the petrochemical industry, dimethylformamide can be used as a gas absorbent for the separation and purification of gases.

3. In organic reactions, dimethylformamide is not only widely used as a reaction solvent but is also an important intermediate in organic synthesis. 4. It can be used in the pesticide industry to produce amitraz.

5. It is a reagent for non-aqueous titration, a solvent for ethylene resin and acetylene, used in organic synthesis, spectrophotometry, as a stationary phase in gas chromatography (maximum operating temperature 50℃, solvent is methanol), for separating and analyzing C2-C5 hydrocarbons, and can separate n-butene, isobutene, and cis- and trans-butene. It is also used for pesticide residue analysis, organic synthesis, peptide synthesis, and in the photographic industry.

6. It is a widely used excellent solvent and chemical raw material. It is an excellent solvent for many polymers such as polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylonitrile, and polyamide. It can be used in the wet spinning of synthetic fibers such as polyacrylonitrile fibers; the synthesis of polyurethane; as a paint remover; for the selective absorption of acetylene and the separation and purification of butadiene; as a solvent in the production of artificial leather; and in the synthesis of pesticides.

7. It is used in pesticides. 6. Used as a solvent and organic modifier in liquid chromatography, an extractant and developing solvent in thin-layer chromatography, a solvent for ethylene resins and acetylene, and a solvent for non-aqueous solvent titrations. Also used in organic synthesis.

8. Primarily used as an industrial solvent, in the pharmaceutical industry for the production of hormones, and also in the manufacture of insecticides such as amitraz.